Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and play a crucial role in almost every biological process. There are 20 amino acids that are encoded by the human genetic code, and they can be grouped into three categories: Essential, Nonessential, and Conditionally Essential.

Essential Amino Acids (these cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from diet):

  1. Histidine
  2. Isoleucine
  3. Leucine
  4. L-Lysine
  5. Methionine
  6. Phenylalanine
  7. Threonine
  8. Tryptophan
  9. Valine

Nonessential Amino Acids (these can be made by the body):

  1. Alanine
  2. Asparagine
  3. Aspartic Acid
  4. Glutamic Acid
  5. Serine

Conditionally Essential Amino Acids (these are usually not essential, except in times of illness and stress):

  1. L-Arginine
  2. Cysteine
  3. Glutamine
  4. Glycine
  5. Proline
  6. Tyrosine

In addition to these 20, there are also several other amino acids that are not coded by the human genetic code but still play important roles in the body. Examples of these include Taurine, Carnitine, Citrulline, and Beta-Alanine.

As for proteins, there are countless types of protein supplements available, often derived from different sources. Here are some of the most common:

  1. Whey Protein
  2. Casein Protein
  3. Soy Protein
  4. Pea Protein
  5. Hemp Protein
  6. Rice Protein
  7. Collagen Protein
  8. Egg Protein
  9. Mixed Plant Proteins

Each type of protein has its own unique profile of amino acids, rate of digestion, and other characteristics that may make it more or less suitable for different individuals or uses.